Camellia

Camellia japonica · Tree/Shrub

An evergreen shrub with glossy leaves that flowers in the cool months, when little else does. It likes acidic soil and dappled shade, and an established plant can bloom for decades.

💧WaterWeekly, keep evenly moist (estimated)

☀️LightPartial shade

🐾PetsGenerally safe

Care at a glance

Light: Partial shade; morning sun with afternoon shade
Water: About 1 in per week; keep soil evenly moist
Soil: Acidic, humus-rich, well-drained, pH 5.5–6.5
Temperature: Hardy to about 10 °F; buds can be damaged by hard frost
Spacing: 5–10 ft apart, depending on variety
Container: At least 15 gallons, with ericaceous mix
Bloom: Late autumn to spring, depending on variety
Lifespan: Perennial; can live 50+ years

When?

Plant in autumn or early spring when the soil is workable and the weather is mild. Avoid planting in summer heat (estimated).

Step by step

Choose a spot sheltered from strong wind and early-morning sun after frost.
Dig a hole twice as wide as the root ball but no deeper.
Set the plant slightly high so the top of the root ball sits just above soil level.
Backfill with soil mixed with pine bark or leaf mould.
Water deeply and cover with 2–3 in of acidic mulch, keeping it off the stem.
Feed lightly after flowering with an acid-loving plant fertiliser.
Prune right after blooming, as next year's buds form in summer.

Common problems

Buds drop before openingUsually dry soil in late summer or sudden cold; water steadily in late summer.

Yellow leaves with green veinsSoil too alkaline; use acidic mulch and an iron-containing feed.

Sticky leaves with black coatingScale insects; wipe off or treat with horticultural oil.

Brown patches on petalsOften a fungal blight; remove fallen flowers promptly.

Pets

Camellia is generally listed as non-toxic to cats and dogs. If in doubt, ask your vet.

Similar plants

Gardenia Hydrangea Magnolia

Sources

ASPCA — Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants

This page is general guidance; no pesticide doses are given.